One of the many fascinating features of our language is how often words with pleasant associations are also quite pleasing on the tongue and even to the eye, and how many words, by contrast, acoustically and visually corroborate their disagreeable nature — look no further than the heading for this post.
Enrich the poetry of your prose by applying words that provide precise connotation while also evoking emotional responses. (Note the proportion of beautiful words to ugly ones in the compilation below; it’s easier to conjure the former than the latter, though I omitted words associated with bodily functions, as well as onomatopoeic terms.)
Notice how often attractive words present themselves to define other beautiful ones, and note also how many of them are interrelated, and what kind of sensations, impressions, and emotions they have in common. Also, try enunciating beautiful words as if they were ugly, or vice versa. Are their sounds suggestive of their quality, or does their meaning wholly determine their effect on us?
Beautiful Words
Amorphous: indefinite, shapeless
Beguile: deceive
Caprice: impulse
Cascade: steep waterfall
Cashmere: fine, delicate wool
Chrysalis: protective covering
Cinnamon: an aromatic spice; its soft brown color
Coalesce: unite, or fuse
Crepuscular: dim, or twilit
Crystalline: clear, or sparkling
Desultory: half-hearted, meandering
Diaphanous: gauzy
Dulcet: sweet
Ebullient: enthusiastic
Effervescent: bubbly
Elision: omission
Enchanted: charmed
Encompass: surround
Enrapture: delighted
Ephemeral: fleeting
Epiphany: revelation
Epitome: embodiment of the ideal
Ethereal: celestial, unworldly, immaterial
Etiquette: proper conduct
Evanescent: fleeting
Evocative: suggestive
Exuberant: abundant, unrestrained, outsize
Felicity: happiness, pleasantness
Filament: thread, strand
Halcyon: care-free
Idyllic: contentedly pleasing
Incorporeal: without form
Incandescent: glowing, radiant, brilliant, zealous
Ineffable: indescribable, unspeakable
Inexorable: relentless
Insouciance: nonchalance
Iridescent: luster
Languid: slow, listless
Lassitude: fatigue
Lilt: cheerful or buoyant song or movement
Lithe: flexible, graceful
Lullaby: soothing song
Luminescence: dim chemical or organic light
Mellifluous: smooth, sweet
Mist: cloudy moisture, or similar literal or virtual obstacle
Murmur: soothing sound
Myriad: great number
Nebulous: indistinct
Opulent: ostentatious
Penumbra: shade, shroud, fringe
Plethora: abundance
Quiescent: peaceful
Quintessential: most purely representative or typical
Radiant: glowing
Redolent: aromatic, evocative
Resonant: echoing, evocative
Resplendent: shining
Rhapsodic: intensely emotional
Sapphire: rich, deep bluish purple
Scintilla: trace
Serendipitous: chance
Serene: peaceful
Somnolent: drowsy, sleep inducing
Sonorous: loud, impressive, imposing
Spherical: ball-like, globular
Sublime: exalted, transcendent
Succulent: juicy, tasty, rich
Suffuse: flushed, full
Susurration: whispering
Symphony: harmonious assemblage
Talisman: charm, magical device
Tessellated: checkered in pattern
Tranquility: peacefulness
Vestige: trace
Zenith: highest point
Ugly Words
Cacophony: confused noise
Cataclysm: flood, catastrophe, upheaval
Chafe: irritate, abrade
Coarse: common, crude, rough, harsh
Cynical: distrustful, self-interested
Decrepit: worn-out, run-down
Disgust: aversion, distaste
Grimace: expression of disgust or pain
Grotesque: distorted, bizarre
Harangue: rant
Hirsute: hairy
Hoarse: harsh, grating
Leech: parasite,
Maladroit: clumsy
Mediocre: ordinary, of low quality
Obstreperous: noisy, unruly
Rancid: offensive, smelly
Repugnant: distasteful
Repulsive: disgusting
Shriek: sharp, screeching sound
Shrill: high-pitched sound
Shun: avoid, ostracize
Slaughter: butcher, carnage
Unctuous: smug, ingratiating
Visceral: crude, anatomically graphic
What did I miss? Add to these lists in a comment below.
How could such a cumbersome (ugly) word as pulchritrude resonate beauty, and the high spirited word ‘enervate’, evoke ‘deprived of strength and vitality’ when it suggests something quite the opposite.
Who came up with ‘penis’ to describe the male organ it is definitely an ugly word.
From the time I heard the word SERENDIPITY, I already loved it even without knowing the meaning yet.
I’m an English teacher and I teach a unit on choosing words for their sound. One of my favorites is susurrus
I love the words segue and lambent.
I detest carbuncle, carcinoma and horripilation.
Enjoyed your compilation.
I wonder how much of our association with “beautiful” or “ugly” words comes merely from our knowledge of their meaning? For example, if a non-english-speaker were presented with this list, would they make similar judgements based purely on the words’ sounds, or would they need meaning to make such a determination?
I think my favorite word is ‘revelation’ (: It’s so dark, yet happy as well. I love it ^_^
I think the word Inamorata is quite beautiful, in sound and meaning.
I like the words ‘nonchalant’ and ‘cavalier’.
I have always hated the word “gelatinous.” It reminds me of the nasty stuff around potted meat or Spam. Yuck!
i hate the word ‘bucolic.’ it sounds like colitis or some other disease
Please, eschew obfiscation!
I know it’s not a real word, but I hate “celeb” because of how it sounds, not just because it’s used by popular media. It feels like a lazy word, too much like “schleb” (please excuse the spelling if it’s wrong) for the meaning, also partly because it feels unfinished and partly because it feels like the sounds just shouldn’t go together in that combination.
Also hate the word “actually” but I think that has more to do with it generally being redundant than the way it sounds or looks.
“Sex” is a terrible word – looks good in news articles but sounds awful and doesn’t roll off the tongue. An “S” shouldn’t be hard like that. Come to think of it, “vagina” sounds like something awful – I remember discovering the word before I had any idea of what it meant, and I thought it sounded like the name of a disease. On the other hand, there are names of diseases that sound quite romantic (such as “syphillis”) until you learn their meaning.
i love the word cerebellum. I think it sounds very beautiful.
I dislike when you read book reviews on Amazon and people talk about “dipping” into books and a book you can “dip” into. Really, it’s disturbing on so many levels.
Ohhhhh nice list 🙂
Uhm you forgot nefarious it means evil thats a pretty ugly word to mee ~
Butt. Ugly word.
Fuzz. Ugly word.
Snot. Ugly word.
I agree that the word Serendipity is beautiful. I wish I could use it more often in my work!
Beautiful:
Serenity, tranquility
Devotion, love
Valour, valiant, fortitude, chivalry, victory
Purity, virtue, divine, heaven
Noble, sublime, supreme
Lily, lilac, blossom, bloom
Aquamarine, azure, emerald
Unicorn, faerie, mermaid, angel
Lady, maiden
Poesy, harmony, melody, violin, lute, elegy, aquarelle
Silk, velvet, velour
Meadow, lake
Ivory, pearlescent, platinum, ebony
Shimmer
Cream, marmalade, almond, olive, honey
Dream, reverie
Dove, swan, robin
Ugly:
Rejection, destruction, dungeon
Avarice, predator, gnaw, gnash
Jealousy, dread, horror, hatred, grudge, murder, torture, mutilate, cripple
Lecherous, swine, vulture
Filth, dirt, foul, stench, reek, rotten, dank, drab, dreary
Rodent, rat, lice, plague, death, grave
Werewolf, witch, gnome, dragon (although dragon maybe is not so much ugly as rather evil-sounding), ghost, ghoul
Curse, poison, viper, adder
Spit, ooze, crust, blister, pus, retch
Infect, insect, crawl, larva
Exhaust, gas
Sorry if some’ve already been mentioned.
Also, beautiful: porcelain, nightingale
Ugly: hiss, snarl
shark, hyena
Thanks for the interesting list – for some reason and I have no idea why I like the word peril – with its connotation it could be considered an ugly word.
I have always loved the word “triplicate.” It feels so crisp when you say it . . .
Beautiful:
vicissitude
amiable
Anatomy / anatomical
(Someone already mentioned my 7th grade English teacher’s favorite – lugubrious – and one of my others, obtuse.)
I dislike proactive (but mainly because of bad association with a person than with the word).
Inveigled – not sure of meaning any more but it sounds bad to me. (In-, dis-, mid- and mal- prefixes have those negative connotations.)
Flatulence.
Rape
Adulterous
Desultory
Stress
Cancer
My favorite words:
Serendipity
Childhood
Velvet
Lyrical
Exquisite
Carefree
Hopeful
Imagine
Freedom
Peace
I love the word lament. It’s meaning is so sad, but it’s such a beautiful one! Ingrate, and for that matter, grate, have never been beautiful words for me.
How about ‘love’ and ‘hate’ ?
I’ve always thought the ugliest sounding word in English is squat. I suppose it could have something to do with meaning but really, except for when camping, I can’t think of any particularly unpleasant associations. I really don’t like any of the squ’s (squint, squab, squire, etc), though squirt and squeeze are kind of funny sounding. At the moment, I can’t think of beautiful English words that have not already been mentioned. In French, I love champignon and hippopotame. (That’s probably because I haven’t spoken fluent French since childhood!)
I hate words: pleasent and surprise
In my first college English course (a long time ago), I learned that nearly all words that begin with “sn” are ugly or negative sounding: snake, sneer, snot, snore, snicker, snarky, sniffle, snide, snafu, snarl, snob, snout, snooty, snit, sneaky, snitch, , and on and on. Their is that exception, though. It is “snuggle.” How can anybody not like that one?
There is a “their” there that snuck in on its own. I hate software that thinks it knows more than you do.
I was just thanking my girlfriend for sending me this link, explaining that the ‘site is new to me and I intend to visit often. Then I realised something that just sneaks into your criteria: I rather enjoy the sound and stress of “frequent” as a verb, but find it a little harsh as an adjective. Thoughts?
Place names are a little off topic, but Everglades always cheers me up. If Heaven weren’t a word then all good people would eventually die and go to somewhere called the Everglades.
Based purely on sound…
beautiful:
sliver
shiver
syphilis
moist
ennui
and any word that ends with an “sts” sound, like fists, wrists, busts, linguists, etc.
ugly:
rural
bog
juror
plethora
I don’t understand using meaning or connotation to describe a word as beautiful or ugly. The word itself is just a collection of letters that we make into sounds. The sounds mean nothing by themselves so those are what I am listening to.
I’ve always felt that the number of nasty words beginning with sn so outweighs those with a nice meaning that there must be something in that. Do we inherently dislike the Sn sound???
Snort, Snake, Sniff, Snag, Snub, Snot, Snow, Snide, Snip, Snare, Snap, Snail
Closet, crepuscular, eviscerate and pustule are some of the least pleasant words I know. Abyssopelagic is particularly creepy if you know what it means.
As for the most beautiful: Aeolian, crescent, lambent and o’clock are all quite lovely. Encyclopaedia has a fitting richness about it.
Yes, “crepuscular” makes Twilight sound like a puss oozing scab. Other than that, very few words are truly ugly. When the sound and feel of a word is at odds with the image it evokes I think the word has problems. But the mere scarcity of use or the ancient etymology of a word make only the user feel important and can alienate a reader. Wax with care, all ye poetics. 🙂
To me the word melancholy conveys more than a generic sadness, it carries a sadness that is bittersweet or a sadness born from good things that are forever gone…
Ugly word: moist.
I have always liked the word annihilate. It sounds exactly like what it means. Can’t classify as ugly or beautiful, just a good word that means what says and says what it means. Good article.
Crepuscular – ugh! But one of my favorite words is “nimrod,” which is kind of ugly and has taken on exactly the opposite meaning (a doofus) from what it actually means (a brave hero).
Let’s combine 3 of the ugliest words in the English language into a sentence: Your egregious blog is simply unconscionable.
Personal hate is people who pepper speech with the word ‘obviously’ – if it’s so obvious why tell me? It sets my teeth on edge now just thinking about it. Shirk and scar are ugly too.
Beauiful words –
child
music
poetry
I really love the word “psychedelia” or “psychedelic.” It just sounds so lovely.
I detest the word “glob” – like “globs of cheese.” It sounds disgusting.
I absolutely adore this list. I’m not putting this past any of the viewers that have read this:
Everyone must have found at least one word in this glorious list, or even in the comments, that they just can’t stop thinking about now, or that they would like to add to their everyday dictionary. In the previous comments. I hadn’t even realized that the phrase ‘cellar door’ was as seductive as it is. And as I read the comments I started noticing that the word ‘euphoria’ was being used a lot, and that is one of the most amazing words to pronounce. The unique phonetics clashed together to produce this word is just so luring. Also, I don’t think anyone really noticed, but where in the list of beautiful words is the word ‘beautiful’ itself? That, my friend, was a major disappointment in my eyes.
Inconceivable! 😉
I hate the sound of the words placenta and delegate.
I also hate the word toddler because the German word for death is tod. , really. But halycon, midnight, terrence, pulchritude and lambent are some of my favorite words.
I think visceral isn’t necessarily an ugly word because it’s other meaning as an adjective:
“characterized by intuition or instinct rather than intellect.”
..that gravelly feeling that comes from your gut, kind of strong and rough (or at least that’s how I perceive it). There is something so basic and human about it that makes it somewhat innately beautiful. The emotion of it.
Hi Mark. I love your blog and have subscribed to it daily. Would you mind if I reposted some of your posts complete with links and urls?
Zenith: My favourite word. I mostly found it in tests and competition questions….
Noteworthy lists 🙂
beautiful words :
blossom
glamour
indigo
martin
passion
rosemary
stunning
gorgeous
“Refurbish” is quite ugly. So is “splurge.”
I don’t think that words should be classified as “ugly” or “beautiful” based purely on their meanings, although that is part of it. The sound itself should have a unpleasant connotation, such as “moist,” the most ugly word in the English language. However: words shouldn’t be disliked because of the unpleasant meaning associated with them.
Some words just glow from the sounds, not the meanings.